RENGA (Linked Images)
It is commonly believed that painting or composing poetry is an extremely solitary creative process. This is often true. And yet, creation is sometimes a collective process, occurring within a "network of influences." Such influence can be anything from inspiring hints, to subconscious stylistic appropriation, or respondingto an existent theme. I believe that most artwork is generally more the result of a dialog than its creator consciously recognizes. Digital technology makes it easier than ever before for we visual artists to access such methods of quotation. Additionally, with the advent of digital image transmission technologies, it has become quite feasible to merge distant creative studios into a common workspace. Our project RENGA (Linked Images), is an experiment in the accelerating these possibilities within digital technology -- and the joy of appropriating, and being appropriated from. The title RENGA (Linked Images) is a wordplay on RENGA d (LinkedVerse), a Japanese traditional poetical genre. The first ideogram, read REN means to link or associate. The second ideogram, read GAmeans poem. A different ideogram also read GA means images. Through substituting GA(image) for GA (poem), we have created the new word RENGA(Linked Images). RENGA (Linked Verse) was an art form (and a game) which brought poets together who then composed by appending verses onto the previous persons' lines. These poets played and enjoyed with the various techniques and ideas of connection, and association, as though each had a window to a passing landscape where a drama was unfolding, image by image. Understanding that the HAIKU developed as an articulation of individual RENGA passages, it is easy to imagine the richness they hold as the whole, as well as the aesthetic quality of each verse. Our RENGA owes a great debt to this RENGA tradition, the greatest of which being the idea that a work is not what necessarily belongs to one author, nor inviolable. The aesthetic lies between respect for the other's work, and free modification of its content for one's own uses. In the very first session between Rieko Nakamura and myself which started in April 1992, we were still bound by the idea that "the art work is the property of the artist." We were unable to erase information from the others' work, and the information accumulated and oversaturated the image. But we were not looking to create one final artwork, on one canvas with two authors. With this in mind, we began the second session in December 1992, with much more dynamic translation. We developed an entirely new variety of appropriation, sometimes going so far as to almost demolish the previous art work. Taking an image received in electronic mail, an artist would import it into one's painting system, deforming it, recontextualizing it within another image, even printing it out and physically drawing on it, to rescan it back in -- and other such deliberately involved processes. Atone time we would find ourselves unconsciously making references to Botticelli, which would influence the image. We were excited by the resulting images. Each image is something which was at once unquestionably one's own artwork, while at the same time being something which could never arise from one's own artistic monologue. Cyberspace is often mentioned in terms of the gradual loss of our familiar senses of time and distance, but more important to me is the loss of this fixed physical border between ones self and others. And this is something which I believe is suggested in RENGA.
Toshihiro Anzai
Toshihiro ANZAI and Rieko NAKAMURA